I’ve enabled full hard drive encryption on all of my devices. The only exception
is my homeserver (mainly running Nextcloud), where all of my personal data is
stored. I’m the only user and have chosen a very strong root- and user password.
From what I’ve researched, the only person who can see my data physically is the
super user (aka. me), but if someone else doesn’t have the password, they can’t
read anything critical and my personal data are safe from the eyes of others.
Is that correct? If it is, why does LUKS exist?
Thanks a lot for your answer.
How would you encrypt a server? Typing a password every time it boots isn’t possible for me, since I would need a monitor for my headless server.
Is this for your home? If it is, you don’t really have to worry about someone stealing your desktop. If someone breaks into your home, they’re looking for quick cash and jewelry and TVs. They’re not going to bother stealing your server to dig through files for something usable.
I’ve had quite a bad experience with police for example.
30 cops raided my home because of something trivial (I ordered a bit of non-psychoactive CBD-weed, which is, even in the most restrictive country you can imagine, ridiculous).
Of course, I got the whole experience-pack, including strip searches and confiscating all electronics.
Even though I believe them getting hold of any data wouldn’t have changed much, I’m still glad I had my devices encrypted.
Just knowing they didn’t see my cringy pictures of my teeny-me, where I discovered Snapchat filters, is a big relief. 😅
Yeah… that traumatized me a bit and maybe that’s the reason I’m worrying.
Also, you could never know what will happen in the future. Maybe my GF will turn crazy tomorrow and use those embarrassing pictures against me. Who knows?
I believe everyone should use encryption, even if they don’t have much to hide…
If Linux, use LUKS but you need to enter the passphrase at boot, you can securely put the key in TPM2 I think (à la Windows) but it may be complicated to setup, or just seal the phrase in TPM2 but if you boot on grub you can break grub and replace init with a shell in boot option and have access to the system I think :-/ but a simple crackhead thief would not understand that.
You can also have the key on a USB key, but if on the server and the server get stolen, it’s useless. You can setup a “anywhereUSB” and have your USB key in another room/place, etc, there is others possibilities.
I wanted to unlock with bluetooth but having the bluetooth HW driver and stack in initramfs was nightmarish a little bit :-/
I use Luks/Tang to unlock the server at boot from another computer that is always on too. If that one is down I’ll need to type it or power the other PC on, but otherwise it auto decrypts for me as long as I’m on the same network.
If the device get stolen, your drive and its files can be easily read.
Other attacks like malware or ransomware are almost the same if the drive is encrypted or not.
Disk encryption is important for laptops and phones because these devices are frequently stolen. For desktop or servers is still good idea, though.
Thanks a lot for your answer. How would you encrypt a server? Typing a password every time it boots isn’t possible for me, since I would need a monitor for my headless server.
That’s why it’s not always an option.
Some servers have some kind remote console hardware, with their own security issues.
Your “threat model” is important too. Do you expect that server to get stolen? If it happens, is there critical data that should not leak?
Maybe you need to encrypt a directory, and not the whole drive.
My threat model isn’t high. Just normal stuff everyone has, but that would be disadvantagely if someone else got them.
It’s more if a precautionary measure. It doesn’t have to be super safe, but better than nothing.
Is this for your home? If it is, you don’t really have to worry about someone stealing your desktop. If someone breaks into your home, they’re looking for quick cash and jewelry and TVs. They’re not going to bother stealing your server to dig through files for something usable.
I’ve had quite a bad experience with police for example.
30 cops raided my home because of something trivial (I ordered a bit of non-psychoactive CBD-weed, which is, even in the most restrictive country you can imagine, ridiculous).
Of course, I got the whole experience-pack, including strip searches and confiscating all electronics.
Even though I believe them getting hold of any data wouldn’t have changed much, I’m still glad I had my devices encrypted.
Just knowing they didn’t see my cringy pictures of my teeny-me, where I discovered Snapchat filters, is a big relief. 😅
Yeah… that traumatized me a bit and maybe that’s the reason I’m worrying.
Also, you could never know what will happen in the future. Maybe my GF will turn crazy tomorrow and use those embarrassing pictures against me. Who knows?
I believe everyone should use encryption, even if they don’t have much to hide…
Oh that’s a really good point. Don’t trust the cops, keep everything encrypted.
Way safer in those situations.
You can use SSH for unlocking: https://www.cyberciti.biz/security/how-to-unlock-luks-using-dropbear-ssh-keys-remotely-in-linux/
Either self-encrypting drives (if you trust the OEM encryption) or auto-unlock with keys in the TPM: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Trusted_Platform_Module#Data-at-rest_encryption_with_LUKS
One option may be a hardware security key. Here is an example: https://www.endpointdev.com/blog/2022/03/disk-decryption-yubikey/
If Windows, use BitLocker.
If Linux, use LUKS but you need to enter the passphrase at boot, you can securely put the key in TPM2 I think (à la Windows) but it may be complicated to setup, or just seal the phrase in TPM2 but if you boot on grub you can break grub and replace init with a shell in boot option and have access to the system I think :-/ but a simple crackhead thief would not understand that.
You can also have the key on a USB key, but if on the server and the server get stolen, it’s useless. You can setup a “anywhereUSB” and have your USB key in another room/place, etc, there is others possibilities.
I wanted to unlock with bluetooth but having the bluetooth HW driver and stack in initramfs was nightmarish a little bit :-/
I use Luks/Tang to unlock the server at boot from another computer that is always on too. If that one is down I’ll need to type it or power the other PC on, but otherwise it auto decrypts for me as long as I’m on the same network.